hermanubis, serapis, and zeus ammon (middle eastern mythology and etc) created by unknown artist
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Description

Illustration of dog-headed Hermes/Hermanubis alongside brother gods Zeus Amon with ram horns and bull-headed Serapis and a crocodile, from Jean-Jacques Boissard's Romanae urbis topographia et antiquitates, originally published in 1597.
Engraving print on paper

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  • As is common when major religions meet other religions, the Greeks attempted to absorb Egyptian religion into their mythology once the Ptolemies of Greece took over as pharaohs of Egypt. It was only partially successful, with the Greek gods taking on attributes of their Egyptian counterparts in Egypt. Zeus gained ram horns when he merged with Amon-Ra, both being chief gods. Because of his role as a guide for souls on their way to the underworld, Hermes merged with Anubis.

    Naturally, a myth was created to explain the Egyptian gods as just transformations of the Greek pantheon. The myth was merged with that of Typhon, a half-serpentine giant whose cruelty and fierceness terrified even the Greek gods. The gods all fled to Egypt and tried to hide by transforming into animals. Zeus turned into a ram, Hermes into an ibis, Aphrodite tied her son Eros to her with a cord and turned them both into fish swimming the Nile. Pan turned into a goat, but changed into a fish at the last moment when he also jumped into the Nile, getting stuck as a sea goat. The only god to not do this was Athena, who chose to stand her ground and called her father, Zeus, a coward for running away. This so ashamed Zeus (who, in my opinion, might have also been influenced by seeing his favorite child in imminent danger) that he leapt to battle and fought Typhon, defeating the monster with his thunderbolts and either casting him into the depths of Tartarus or burying him under Mount Etna on the island of Sicily (whereupon Etna became a volcano, sometimes erupting as Typhon struggled to escape his imprisonment).

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